Ces derniers jours les études sur le protocole Raoult et l’Hydroxychloroquine, se sont multipliées. Monique Plaza communique les liens de toutes les études publiées, positives et négatives . .Il faut bien lire très bien lire car il n’existe pas de médicament miracle , pas même le Remdevisir promu par le gouvernement?
On s’amusera à parcourir la belle étude à laquelle participa le professeur Caumes, ennemi déclaré de Raoult, les résultats bruts sont très favorables à l’hcq alors il a fallu les tordre en intégrant un trop bon état général des malades ayant bénéficié de ce traitement.. Etrange; les diabetiques et les obèses étaient plus nombreux parmi ces malades…
On notera que sur les 60 études , en dehors de Marseille les européens ont refusé d’étudier l’efficacité du traitement précoce.
Quels sont les résultats de ces études?
L’hydroxychloroquine est efficace à titre préventif et dèsles premiers symptômes et permet donc de limiter la charge virale. C’est la thèse de Raoult qui est confirmée.
La bonne surprise provient d’une certaine efficacité pour les formes graves .
Pour un traitement précoce à l’hydroxychloroquine: 13 etudes positives 0 négatives
Traitement prophylactique préventif à l’hydroxychloroquine 10 positives 0 négative
traitement tardif à l’hydroxychloroquine 14 positive 10 non efficace
Autres études 13 efficaces et 0 inefficace
| 6/30 | Positive | Late | Mikami et al. J. Gen. Intern. Med., doi:10.1007/s11606-020-05983-z (Peer Reviewed) | Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in New York City |
| HCQ decreases mortality, HR 0.53 (CI 0.41–0.67). Retrospective 6,000 ambulatory and hospitalized patients in New York City. IPTW adjustment does not significantly change HR 0.53 (0.41-0.68).6493 patients qui avaient un COVID-19 confirmé en laboratoire avec des résultats cliniques entre le 13 mars et le 17 avril 2020, qui ont été vus dans l’un des 8 hôpitaux et / ou plus de 400 pratiques ambulatoires de la région métropolitaine de New York | ||||
| 6/29 | Positive | PrEP | Ferreira et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.06.26.20056507 (Preprint) | Chronic treatment with hydroxychloroquine and SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| Chronic treatment with HCQ provides protection against COVID, odds ratio 0.51 (0.37-0.70). Note that patients with SLE, RA, and other autoimmune conditions have a significantly increased susceptibility to and incidence of infections, so the actual benefit may be significantly higher [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. | ||||
| 6/25 | Positive | Early | Lagier et al. Travel Med. Infect. Dis. 101791, Jun 25, 2020, doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101791 (Peer Reviewed) | Outcomes of 3,737 COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin and other regimens in Marseille, France: A retrospective analysis |
| Early treatment leads to significantly better clinical outcome and faster viral load reduction. Matched sample mortality HR 0.41 p-value 0.048. Retrospective 3,737 patients. | ||||
| 6/22 | Positive | Early | Chen et al. medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.06.19.20136093 (Preprint) | Efficacy and safety of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine in moderate type of COVID-19: a prospective open-label randomized controlled study |
| Significantly faster clinical recovery and shorter time to RNA negative (from 7.0 days to 2.0 days (HCQ), p=0.01. 67 patients with mild/moderate cases. | ||||
| 6/19 | Positive (news) | PrEP | SMSH Sawai Man Singh Hospital, India (News) (not included in the study count) | HCQ beneficial as preventive drug: SMS doctors told ICMR |
| PrEP with 4,300 very high risk healthcare workers in a hospital with up to 500+ COVID patients at a time, only 1% cases, all recovered. | ||||
| 6/19 | Negative (news) | Late | N/A: study not available yet (News) (not included in the study count) | NIH halts clinical trial of hydroxychloroquine |
| NIH halts late stage trial reporting no harm and no benefit. 470 patients. | ||||
| 6/19 | Positive | Late | Sbidian et al. medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2020.06.16.20132597 (Preprint) | Hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin and in-hospital mortality or discharge in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection: a cohort study of 4,642 in-patients in France |
| Retrospective of 4,642 hospitalized patients in France showing significantly faster discharge with HCQ and HCQ+AZ. No significant effect is seen on 28-day mortality, however many more control patients are still in hospital at 28 days suggesting there will be a significant improvement when extending past 28 days. Other issues see [1]. | ||||
| 6/17 | Positive | Late | Xue et al. J. Med. Virology (Peer Reviewed) | Hydroxychloroquine treatment in COVID‐19: a descriptive observational analysis of 30 cases from a single center in Wuhan, China |
| 30 hospitalized patients. Early use of HCQ is more effective, 43% reduction in progression from moderate to severe. « Early » is relative here, within 7 days of hospitalization. | ||||
| 6/16 | Positive (news) | PrEP | WHIP COVID-19 (News) (not included in the study count) | Henry Ford Health System still moving forward with hydroxychloroquine study |
| Ongoing WHIP COVID-19 HCQ PrEP study reports analyzing their data and seeing a significantly improved outcome in a group of COVID-19 patients who received HCQ. For more details on the study see [1]. | ||||
| 6/12 | Theory (theory) | Theory | Scherrmann, AAPS J 22, 86 (2020). doi:10.1208/s12248-020-00465-w (Peer Reviewed) (Theory) (not included in the study count) | Intracellular ABCB1 as a Possible Mechanism to Explain the Synergistic Effect of Hydroxychloroquine-Azithromycin Combination in COVID-19 Therapy |
| Proposes a new mechanism supporting the synergistic interaction between HCQ+AZ. | ||||
| 6/10 | Positive | Early | Otea et al. medRxiv doi:10.1101/2020.06.10.20101105 (Preprint) | A short therapeutic regimen based on hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin for the treatment of COVID-19 in patients with non-severe disease. A strategy associated with a reduction in hospital admissions and complications. |
| 80 moderate cases, HCQ+AZ appears to reduce serious complications and death. Moderate treated cases resulted in hospitalization at the same rate as mild untreated cases suggesting efficacy. | ||||
| 6/9 | Positive | PrEP | Bhattacharya et al. medRxix doi:10.1101/2020.06.09.20116806 (Preprint) | Pre exposure Hydroxychloroquine use is associated with reduced COVID19 risk in healthcare workers |
| HCQ reduced cases from 38% to 7%. 106 people. No serious adverse effects. | ||||
| 6/6 | Positive (meta) | Early, Late | Million et al. New Microbes and New Infections, doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100709 (Peer Reviewed) (meta analysis – not included in the study count) | Clinical Efficacy of Chloroquine derivatives in COVID-19 Infection: Comparative metaanalysis between the Big data and the real world |
| [H]CQ effective and reduces mortality by a factor 3. Meta analysis of 20 studies. | ||||
| 6/5 | Negative (news) | Late | N/A: study not available yet (News) (not included in the study count) | No clinical benefit from use of hydroxychloroquine in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 |
| RECOVERY trial reports no significant benefit seen for very late stage very sick patients. Extremely high dosage [1, 2]. Extremely sick patients and unusually high death rate in both arms. | ||||
| 6/3 | Positive | PEP | Boulware et al., NEJM, June 3 2020, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2016638 (Peer Reviewed) | A Randomized Trial of Hydroxychloroquine as Postexposure Prophylaxis for Covid-19 |
| COVID reduced by [49%, 29%, 16%] when taken within [2+, 3+, 4+] days of exposure. Very unlikely that the observed benefit and treatment delay-response relationship is due to chance, see [1]. PEP 2+ day delay RCT. See also [2]. | ||||
| 5/31 | Positive | Early | Guérin et al. Preprints 2020, 2020050486 doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0486.v1 (Preprint) | Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine Accelerate Recovery of Outpatients with Mild/Moderate COVID-19 |
| Mean recovery time reduced from 26 days to 9 days (HCQ+AZ) or 13 days (AZ). 88 patients. No cardiac toxicity. | ||||
| 5/29 | Positive | Late | Ayerbe et al. Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis doi: 10.1007/s11239-020-02162-z (Peer Reviewed) | The association between treatment with heparin and survival in patients with Covid-19 |
| 2075 hospital patients in Spain. HCQ reduces mortality from 30% to 13%. Not adjusted for age and gender. HCQ group 10% more males and 6 years younger. Study primarily interested in Heparin. | ||||
| 5/28 | Positive | Late | Chamieh et al., medRxiv 2020.05.28.20114835; doi:10.1101/2020.05.28.20114835 (Preprint) | Viral Dynamics Matter in COVID-19 Pneumonia: the success of early treatment with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in Lebanon |
| HCQ+AZ potentially explains 94.7% success in treating a fairly complex cohort. | ||||
| 5/28 | Positive | PrEP | Chatterjee et al. Indian J Med Res (Peer Reviewed) | Healthcare workers & SARS-CoV-2 infection in India: A case-control investigation in the time of COVID-19 |
| 4+ doses of HCQ associated with a significant decline in the odds of getting infected, dose-response relationship exists. | ||||
| 5/28 | Positive | Early | Huang et al. National Science Review, nwaa113, doi:10.1093/nsr/nwaa113 (Peer Reviewed) | |
| 197 CQ patients, 176 control. Mean time to undetectable viral RNA and duration of fever significantly reduced. No serious adverse events. | ||||
| 5/27 | Positive | Early | Risch, American Journal of Epidemiology, kwaa093, 27 May 2020 doi:10.1093/aje/kwaa093 (Peer Reviewed) | Early Outpatient Treatment of Symptomatic, High-Risk Covid-19 Patients that Should be Ramped-Up Immediately as Key to the Pandemic Crisis |
| Five studies, including two controlled clinical trials, have demonstrated significant outpatient treatment efficacy. | ||||
| 5/27 | Positive | Early | IHU Marseille (Preprint) | Early diagnosis and management of COVID-19 patients: a real-life cohort study of 3,737 patients, Marseille, France |
| Early treatment with 3+ days HCQ+AZ results in a significantly better clinical outcome and contagiosity. | ||||
| 5/22 | Positive (advisory) | PEP, PrEP | ICMR Indian Council of Medical Research (Advisory) (not included in the study count) | Revised advisory on the use of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| Healthcare workers on HCQ prophylaxis less likely to get COVID. Significant dose-response relationship. Extends recommended HCQ prophylaxis to asymptomatic household contacts of cases and frontline workers. Degree of benefit not quantified. | ||||
| 5/22 | Retracted | Late | Mehra et al. The Lancet, May 22, 2020 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31180-6 (Peer Reviewed) | Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of COVID-19: a multinational registry analysis |
| Incorrect at first read (implausible death, ventilation, and population numbers). This paper was retracted. | ||||
| 5/20 | Negative (meta) | Late | Chacko et al. medRxiv 2020.05.14.20101774; doi:10.1101/2020.05.14.20101774 (Preprint) (meta analysis – not included in the study count) | Hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| Meta analysis of Chen, Tang, Zhaowei, Barbosa, Guatret, Geleris, Magagnoli, Mahevas, Mallat, Rosenberg, Yu et al. studies not seeing a significant effect other than time to resolution of chest CT. Limited by heterogeneous nature of studies, baseline severity varied, most studies have a small sample size, endpoints reported at varying times, dosage varied, and AZ, Zinc are not considered. | ||||
| 5/18 | Positive | Late | Kim et al. medRxiv 2020.05.13.20094193; doi:10.1101/2020.05.13.20094193 (Preprint) | Treatment Response to Hydroxychloroquine, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, and Antibiotics for Moderate COVID 19: A First Report on the Pharmacological Outcomes from South Korea |
| Retrospective of 97 moderate cases. Time to viral clearance significantly shorter for HCQ+antibiotic. | ||||
| 5/18 | Positive | Early | Ahmad et al. doi:10.1101/2020.05.18.20066902 (Preprint) | Doxycycline and Hydroxychloroquine as Treatment for High-Risk COVID-19 Patients: Experience from Case Series of 54 Patients in Long-Term Care Facilities |
| 54 patients in long term care facilities. 6% death with HCQ+AZ compared to 22% using a naive indirect comparison. | ||||
| 5/15 | Positive | Late | Yu et al. Sci China Life Sci. 2020 May 15;1-7. doi: 10.1007/s11427-020-1732-2 (Peer Reviewed) | Low Dose of Hydroxychloroquine Reduces Fatality of Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 |
| Retrospective, 550 critically ill patients. 19% fatality for HCQ versus 47% for non-HCQ. | ||||
| 5/14 | Negative | Late | Mahévas et al., BMJ 2020 369 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1844 (Peer Reviewed) | Clinical efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with covid-19 pneumonia who require oxygen: observational comparative study using routine care data |
| Observational study of 181 patients with advanced disease requiring oxygen showing no benefit for HCQ. Power of study appears too low to support conclusions [1]. None of the 15 patients receiving HCQ+AZ were transferred to intensive care or died compared to 23% overall. | ||||
| 5/11 | Positive | Late | Davido et al. medRxiv preprint doi:10.1101/2020.05.05.2008875 (Preprint) | Hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin: a potential interest in reducing in2 hospital morbidity due to COVID-19 pneumonia (HI-ZY-COVID)? |
| Retrospective of 132 hospitalized patients. HCQ+AZ significantly reduces death. Preprint removed pending peer review. | ||||
| 5/11 | Negative | Late | Rosenberg et al. JAMA, May 11, 2020, doi:10.1001/jama.2020.8630 (Peer Reviewed) | Association of Treatment With Hydroxychloroquine or Azithromycin With In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With COVID-19 in New York State |
| Restrospective observational late stage study showing no significant differences but calling for clinical trials. | ||||
| 5/8 | Positive | Late | Carlucci et al. doi: 10.1101/2020.05.02.20080036 (Preprint) | Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin plus zinc vs hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin alone: outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients |
| Observational retrospective. Addition of Zinc to HCQ+AZ reduces mortality. | ||||
| 5/7 | Positive | N/A | Derendorf, Int. J. Antimicrobial Agents, 7 May 2020, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106007 (Peer Reviewed) | Excessive lysosomal ion-trapping of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin |
| Discusses pharmacokinetic properties of HCQ+AZ as a potential underlying mechanism of the observed antiviral effects. | ||||
| 5/7 | Negative | Late | Geleris et al. NEJM, May 7, 2020. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2012410 (Peer Reviewed) | Observational Study of Hydroxychloroquine in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19 |
| Observational study of 1446 hospitalized patients. No significant effect on a combined intubation/death outcome for late treatment. RCT recommended. No AZ or Zinc. HCQ group much sicker – patients already in mild/moderate ARDS, most of the control group not in ARDS. However, secondary analysis shows the success of HCQ was hidden by combining intubation and death – death / (combined death/intubation) for HCQ was 157 / 262 (60%) vs. control 75 / 84 (89%), for details see: [1]. Control cases received other therapeutics. | ||||
| 5/7 | Positive (news) | N/A | Sermo (News) (not included in the study count) | Sermo reports: COVID-19 treatment trends over 6 weeks and 33,700 interviews: Usage, efficacy and safety perceptions of most-used therapies |
| HCQ used by 55% of physicians worldwide for COVID. Survey of 6,150 physicians. | ||||
| 5/5 | Positive | Late | Membrillo de Novales et al. Preprints 2020, 2020050057 doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0057.v1 (Preprint) | Early Hydroxychloroquine Is Associated with an Increase of Survival in COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study |
| 166 patients hospitalised with COVID, HCQ increased survival 1.4 – 1.8 times when patients admitted in early stages. Early is relative to hospital admission here – all patients relatively serious condition. | ||||
| 5/5 | Positive | Early | Million et al. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020 May 5;101738. doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101738 (Peer Reviewed) | Early Treatment of COVID-19 Patients With Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin: A Retrospective Analysis of 1061 Cases in Marseille, France |
| Retrospective 1061 patients. HCQ+AZ safe and results in a low fatality rate. | ||||
| 5/2 | Positive (news) | Late | Seydi (News) (not included in the study count) | Coronavirus: a study in Senegal confirms the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine |
| Preliminary results of Senegal trial with 181 patients showing faster recovery with HCQ, and even faster recovery with HCQ+AZ. | ||||
| 4/30 | Positive (meta) | Early | Meo et al. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24 (8): 4539-4547, doi:10.26355/eurrev_202004_21038 (Peer Reviewed) (meta analysis – not included in the study count) | Efficacy of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 |
| Review of 9 articles supporting the efficacy of HCQ and CQ. | ||||
| 4/29 | Positive | N/A | Saleh et al. Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, doi:10.1161/CIRCEP.120.008662 (Peer Reviewed) | The Effect of Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin on the Corrected QT Interval in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
| 201 hospitalized patients. No serious side effects of HCQ. | ||||
| 4/24 | Positive | Early | Ashraf et al. medRxiv doi:10.1101/2020.04.20.20072421.t (Preprint) | COVID-19 in Iran, a comprehensive investigation from exposure to treatment outcomes |
| 100 patients. HCQ improved clinical outcome. | ||||
| 4/21 | Negative | Late | Magagnoli et al. (Preprint) | Outcomes of hydroxychloroquine usage in United States veterans hospitalized with Covid-19 |
| Retrospective 368 hospitalized patients. Risk of death increased for HCQ alone but not for HCQ+AZ. No Zinc. Study notes HCQ was more likely to be prescribed to patients with more severe disease. | ||||
| 4/17 | Positive | PEP | Lee at al. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020 Apr 17;105988. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105988 (Peer Reviewed) | Can Post-Exposure Prophylaxis for COVID-19 Be Considered as an Outbreak Response Strategy in Long-Term Care Hospitals? |
| Post exposure prophylaxis of 211 people after major exposure event in LTCH, 0 positive for COVID after 14 days. | ||||
| 4/16 | Negative | Late | Borba et al. JAMA Network Open doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8857 (Peer Reviewed) | Chloroquine diphosphate in two different dosages as adjunctive therapy of hospitalized patients with severe respiratory syndrome in the context of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection: Preliminary safety results of a randomized, double-blinded, phase IIb clinical trial (CloroCovid-19 Study) |
| Increased incidence of prolonged QT and death in high dose treatment arm. Patients >75 only enrolled in high dose arm, age of high dose arm significantly higher than low dose arm (p=0.02). Very sick at baseline, 43% in ICU, 88.9% on respiratory therapy prior to treatment. | ||||
| 4/15 | Positive | Early | Esper et al. Prevent Senior Institute, São Paulo, Brazil (Preprint) | Empirical treatment with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin for suspected cases of COVID-19 followed-up by telemedicine |
| 636 patients. HCQ+AZ reduced hospitalization 79% when used within 7 days (65% overall). Non-randomized. | ||||
| 4/14 | Negative | Late | Tang et al. medRxiv preprint doi:10.1101/2020.04.10.20060558 (Preprint) | Hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: an open-label, randomized, controlled trial |
| 150 patients very late stage RCT. No significant difference. More symptomatic relief with HCQ. No safety concerns of HCQ. Treatment very late, average 16.6 days after symptom onset. Data favorable to HCQ was deleted in the second version, see forensic analysis [1]. | ||||
| 4/13 | Positive | N/A | Gao et al. Biosci Trends, 2020 May 21;14(2):156-158. doi: 10.5582/bst.2020.03072. Epub 2020 Apr 13 (Peer Reviewed) | Update on Use of Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine to Treat Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) |
| Increasing evidence from completed clinical studies shows CQ and HCQ effective (HCQ more effective). | ||||
| 4/11 | Positive | Early | Gautret et al. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101663 (Peer Reviewed) | Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at least a six-day follow up: A pilot observational study |
| Pilot study suggesting improvement with HCQ+AZ and recommending further study. | ||||
| 4/1 | Positive | Late | Huang et al. Journal of Molecular Cell Biology, Volume 12, Issue 4, April 2020, Pages 322–325, doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjaa014 (Peer Reviewed) | Treating COVID-19 with Chloroquine |
| 22 patients. All CQ patients discharged by day 14 versus 50% of Lopinavir/Rotinavir patients. Symptom onset to treatment 2.5 days for CQ vs. 6.5 days for Lopinavir/Rotinavir. | ||||
| 3/31 | Positive | Late | Chen et al. medRxiv doi:10.1101/2020.03.22.20040758 (Preprint) | Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: results of a randomized clinical trial |
| 62 patients. RCT showing significantly faster recovery with HCQ. | ||||
| 3/28 | Negative | Late | Molina et al. (Preprint) | No evidence of rapid antiviral clearance or clinical benefit with the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in patients with severe COVID-19 infection |
| 11 patients with severe cases. No evidence of benefit for HCQ. | ||||
| 3/26 | Positive (news) | Late | Zhong Nanshan (News) (not included in the study count) | Efficacy and safety of chloroquine for treatment of COVID-19. An open-label, multi-center, non-randomized trial |
| 197 patients. HCQ effective. Viral RNA negative in 95.9% versus 79.6% control. Median time to negative tests 3 days versus 9 days for control. | ||||
| 3/24 | Positive | N/A | Pagliano et al. Clin Infect Dis, 2020 Mar 24; ciaa320. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa320 (Peer Reviewed) | Is Hydroxychloroquine a Possible Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Drug to Limit the Transmission to Health Care Workers Exposed to COVID19? |
| CQ and HCQ inhibit replication at early stages of infection, no similar effect reported for other drugs which are only able to interfere after cell infection. Large volume of existing data on safety. | ||||
| 3/21 | Positive (advisory) | PrEP | ICMR Indian Council of Medical Research (Advisory) (not included in the study count) | Advisory on the use of hydroxy-chloroquine as prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| Recommends HCQ for prophylaxis in asymptomatic healthcare workers as found effective in-vitro and in-vivo. | ||||
| 3/20 | Positive (news) | Late | Hu et al., Shanghai Combined Task Force on COVID-19 (News) (not included in the study count) | Shanghai Experience of COVID-19 Management |
| Clinical studies of HCQ with 184 cases and 21 hospitals show HCQ is effective. | ||||
| 3/18 | Positive | N/A | Liu et al. Cell Discov 6, 16 (2020). doi:10.1038/s41421-020-0156-0 (Peer Reviewed) | Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro |
| HCQ effective in vitro and less toxic than CQ. | ||||
| 3/17 | Positive | Early | Gautret et al. Int. J. of Antimicrobial Agents, 17 March 2020, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949 (Peer Reviewed) | Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an openlabel non-randomized clinical trial |
| HCQ significantly associated with viral load reduction / elimination, enhanced with AZ. | ||||
| 3/13 | Positive | N/A | Todaro and Rigano (Preprint) | An Effective Treatment for Coronavirus (COVID-19) |
| CQ found effective in South Korea and China, recommending use. | ||||
| 3/12 | Positive | N/A | Devaux et al., International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105938 (Peer Reviewed) | New insights on the antiviral effects of chloroquine against coronavirus: what to expect for COVID-19? |
| Discusses mechanisms of CQ interference with SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle. | ||||
| 3/10 | Positive (meta) | N/A | Cortegiani et al. J Crit Care, 2020 Jun;57:279-283. doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.03.005 Epub 2020 Mar 10 (Peer Reviewed) (meta analysis – not included in the study count) | A Systematic Review on the Efficacy and Safety of Chloroquine for the Treatment of COVID-19 |
| Review of six articles and 23 ongoing clinical trials in China recommending research and clinical use adhering to MEURI. | ||||
| 3/9 | Positive | N/A | Yao et al., Clin. Infect. Dis. 2020 Mar 9, doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa237 (Peer Reviewed) | In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Projection of Optimized Dosing Design of Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) |
| HCQ more potent than CQ in vitro. | ||||
| 3/6 | Negative | Late | Chen et al., J. Zhejiang University (Med Sci), doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2020.03.03 (Peer Reviewed) | A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with common coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) |
| 30 moderate hospitalized cases, all recovered. Time to RNA negative comparable. Less frequent radiological progression with HCQ but not statistically significant. One HCQ patient developed to a severe case. Treatment group 4 years older and with higher incidence of hypertension. | ||||
| 3/4 | Positive | N/A | Colson et al., Int J Antimicrob Agents, doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105932. Epub 2020 Mar 4. (Peer Reviewed) | Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine as Available Weapons to Fight COVID-19 |
| Recommending CQ and HCQ for COVID based on 20 clinical studies in China and strong rationale for use. | ||||
| 2/20 | Positive | N/A | Jiang et al., Chin J Tuberc Respir Dis, 2020,43 doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0019 (Peer Reviewed) | Expert Consensus on Chloroquine Phosphate for the Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia |
| CQ is an effective treatment for COVID. | ||||
| 2/19 | Positive | Late | Gao et al. BioScience Trends, 2020, doi:10.5582/bst.2020.01047 (Peer Reviewed) | Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies |
| Results from 15 clinical trials in China show CQ is effective. | ||||
| 2/17 | Positive (news) | Late | Sun Yanrong, deputy head of the China National Center for Biotechnology Development (News) (not included in the study count) | Antimalarial drug confirmed effective on COVID-19 |
| HCQ under clinical trials in >10 hospitals in China and has shown fairly good efficacy. | ||||
| 2/4 | Positive (in vitro) | In Vitro | Wang et al. Cell Res 30, 269–271. doi:L10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0 (Peer Reviewed) (In Vitro) (not included in the study count) | Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro |
| In vitro study, not included in the study count or percentages. Remdesivir and CQ potently blocked virus infection in vitro. | ||||
| 2005 | Positive (in vitro) | In Vitro | Vincent et al. Virol J 2, 69 (2005). doi:10.1186/1743-422X-2-69 (In Vitro) (not included in the study count) | Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread |
| In vitro study, not included in the study count or percentages. CQ has strong antiviral effects on SARS CoV infection when cells treated either before or after exposure, suggesting prophylactic and treatment use. Describes three mechanisms by which the drug might work and suggests it may have both a prophylactic and therapeutic role in Coronavirus infections. | ||||
| 1896 | Positive (news) | N/A | Edwin Wiley Grove (News) (not included in the study count) | Laxative Bromo Quinine |
| Quinine has been used for respiratory infections since 1896. Not included in the study count or percentages, just as an interesting observation. |
Note: In Vitro, Meta, Theory, and News items are not included in the percentages and study count. There is a total of 69 items listed above.
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments:
Mieux que les études il y a les taux de mortalité: heureux les pauvres qui ont du se soigner avec le très peu couteux protocole Raoult Dans ces payx après avoir réajusté l’âge pour ne pas fausser les résultats, le taux de mortalité y est six fois moins élevé que chez nous .
Si à l’étranger, les pays ont recours à l’hdroxycloroquine,en Europe, ce sont quasiment les plus touchés qui l’ont interdit.
Mais cette sortie du déconfinement (bien que les médias reprennent de plus en plus le slogan d’un possible second à la Rentrée, en s’activant dur pour cela) n’est pas encore une victoire.
Même pour l’enquête parlementaire en cours, J’ai entendu ce matin sur RTL que Martin Hirsch réclamait d’être entendu par l’Assemblée pour contredire la déclaration du Professeur Raoult. Les beaux jours sont là, mais il ne faut surtout pas baisser les bras, car en face, ils s’activent.
Continuons à défendre le professeur Raoult et les interventions de personnes de c du professeur Peronne, si une vingtaine de ce rang faisait bloc, on commencerait à faire changer les choses. Alors, il faut aller les convaincre, l’un après l’autre.
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Continuons à défendre le professeur Raoult et les interventions du professeur Peronne, si une vingtaine de personnes de ce rang faisait bloc, on commencerait à faire changer les choses. Alors, il faut aller les convaincre, l’un après l’autre. (Le paragraphe précédent s’est mélangé à l’envoi)
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Cher Monsieur, bien sûr que l’on va continuer à faire confiance à Didier Raoult et le soutenir à notre petit niveau. Pensez-vous que c’est par hasard que, ce soir 2 juillet 2020, l’on rediffuse sur la 5 un reportage au sujet des recherches spatiales et de la future adaptation des humains sur d’autres planètes ?? Lorsque j’avais environ 15 ans, cours de Verdun à Lyon, il y avait ce que l’on nomme la « Vogue », un manège nommé « La Centrifugeuse », on entrait dedans et lorsque ça tournait, en rond bien sûr, nous étions plaqués contre la parroie. Ce manège a été interdit. L’Eeffet accentué de la gravitation rendait les gens un peu malades. En matière de recherche Spatiale, ils reproduisent la même chose pour que le corps humain sache s’adapter aux turpitudes existentielles de la planète Terre. C’était scientifique avant l’heure !! Pourquoi, après tant d’années, on vante des expériences déjà acquises. Pourquoi donc, sachant qu’il y a des centaines de milliards d’années, l’origine de l’homme émane de bactéries (je ne sais pas expliquer, car je ne suis qu’un petite femme lambda, mais passionnée par ce qui se dessine à « petits pas » pour notre Planète. Demain, j’ai 77 ans et je vois venir les choses…
Je pense que notre cher Pr Didier Raoult, est à l’opposé de tous ces scientifiques, parce que lui vraiment il sauve des vies et en sauvera encore ! Pardonnez mon vocabulaire qui n’a rien de scientifique, mais je comprends à un autre niveau, ce qui se passe. Que la vraie Lumière éclabousse et rende la vie de nos descendants plus joyeuse !…
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décidément on aura beau faire comprendre à quelques bornés que le protocole du professeur raoult éffectué avec sérieux donne des résultats mais rien n’y fait faut absolument donner des gages au milliardaire bill gates qui finance l’oms et veut etre sur le podium pour la découverte d’un vaccin dédié au plus offrant comment peut on etre sourd à ce point?bien sur comme tout etre humain le professeur raoult a ses défauts mais il soigne et il faut le reconnaitre avec succès alors continuons à soutenir le professeur raoult et le professeur peronne qui sont à l’opposé de certains scientifiques qui ne pensent qu’à leur nombril et leur carrière décidément on a aussi un ministère de la santé qui est aussi sourd que ceux cités plus haut
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